Paper Infomation
Risk Management and Challenges of Communication and Navigation Systems for Low-altitude Aircraft
Full Text(PDF, 178KB)
Author: Liu Qin
Abstract: With the continuous expansion of application scenarios for low-altitude aircraft, the safety and reliability of their communication and navigation systems face unprecedented challenges. This study systematically analyzes the main risks faced by low-altitude aircraft communication and navigation systems and their management strategies. Through an in-depth examination of technical risks, environmental risks, and human factors, combined with actual operational data and the latest research findings, a scientific risk assessment model and quantitative indicator system have been established. The research reveals that technical risks primarily manifest in data transmission, signal interference, and equipment failures, with the data transmission error rate reaching up to 3.5 bits per kilobyte in adverse conditions. Environmental risks mainly arise from the impacts of meteorological conditions, terrain, and electromagnetic environments, with accidents attributed to environmental factors accounting for 35% of the total. Human factors contribute to 25% of the causes of accidents, primarily involving operational errors and inadequate maintenance. In response to these risks, this study proposes a closed-loop management strategy based on "Identification - Assessment - Control - Monitoring"， establishing a multi-level risk prevention and control system that integrates advanced technological means and management methods to achieve effective risk control. The results indicate that employing multi-source data fusion technology can improve the accuracy of risk identification by approximately 40%, providing important theoretical guidance and practical reference for the safe operation of low-altitude aircraft communication and navigation systems.
Keywords: Low-Altitude Aircraft, Communication and Navigation Systems, Risk Management, Safety, Reliability
References:
[1] Swiss Re Institute. "Insuring the low-altitude airspace economy in China". 2023.
[2] Federal Aviation Administration. "NextGen Annual Report 2023". 2023.
[3] ICAO.《无人驾驶航空器系统安全管理手册》. 2023.
[4] Xuting Sun, Yue Hu, Yichen Qin, Yuan Zhang. Risk assessment of unmanned aerial vehicle accidents based on data-driven Bayesian networks, Reliability Engineering & System Safety. Volume 248, 2024,110185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ress.2024.110185.
[5] Zaitseva, E.; Mukhamediev, R.; Levashenko, V.; Kovalenko, A.; Kvassay, M.; Kuchin, Y.; Symagulov, A.; Oksenenko, A.; Sultanova, Z.; Zhaxybayev, D. Comparative Reliability Analysis of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Swarm Based on Mathematical Models of Binary-State and Multi-State Systems. Electronics 2024, 13, 4509. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13224509
[6] Wei Liu, Wenxiao Shi, Jingtai Cao, Yaowen Lv, Kainan Yao, Shuai Wang, Jihong Wang, Xuefen Chi. Bit error rate analysis with real-time pointing errors correction in free space optical communication systems. Optik, Volume 125, Issue 1, 2014, Pages 324-328. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2013.06.043.
[7] Du, S.; Zhong, G.; Wang, F.; Pang, B.; Zhang, H.; Jiao, Q. Safety Risk Modelling and Assessment of Civil Unmanned Aircraft System Operations: A Comprehensive Review. Drones 2024, 8, 354. https://doi.org/10.3390/drones8080354
[8] Y. Geng et al., "Impact of Heavy Rain on Signal Propagation in the UK and Mexican 4G and 5G Networks," 2019 13th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP), Krakow, Poland, 2019, pp. 1-5.
[9] X. Zhang, L. Yuan, M. Zhao and P. Bai, "Effect of Fatigue and Stress on Air Traffic Control Performance," 2019 5th International Conference on Transportation Information and Safety (ICTIS), Liverpool, UK, 2019, pp. 977-983, doi: 10.1109/ICTIS.2019.8883823.
[10] Valentina Bacciu, Costantino Sirca, Donatella Spano. Towards a systemic approach to fire risk management. Environmental Science & Policy, Volume 129, 2022, Pages 37-44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2021.12.015.