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Fatigue Damage Mechanisms and Life Prediction of Metallic Materials
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Author: Jiao Luo
Abstract: Fatigue is a critical degradation mechanism that governs the structural integrity and service life of metallic materials across diverse engineering applications. This study provides a comprehensive review of fatigue damage mechanisms and life prediction methodologies at multiple scales—from microstructural dislocation activity to macroscopic structural response. It explores empirical fatigue life models, fracture mechanics-based crack growth laws, continuum damage mechanics, and probabilistic reliability approaches. Multiscale fatigue behavior is discussed in the context of grain-level deformation, crack nucleation, and component-level failure. The paper also emphasizes experimental and characterization techniques such as in-situ fatigue testing, electron microscopy, nondestructive evaluation, and digital image correlation, all of which play pivotal roles in advancing fatigue analysis. By integrating physical insights with computational and statistical modeling, this review highlights the current state-of-the-art and identifies key challenges and opportunities in the pursuit of accurate, scalable, and robust fatigue life prediction frameworks.
Keywords: Fatigue Damage; Life Prediction; Fracture Mechanics; Continuum Damage Mechanics; Multiscale Modeling; Nondestructive Evaluation
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